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International Electronic Circuit (Shanghai) Exhibition Liangsheng Invitation Letter
Discussion on problems | Analysis and Suggestions on "management chain" of recycling waste electrical and electronic products
Release date:
2020/05/15
Abstract: The recycling and treatment of waste electrical and electronic products is one of the hot environmental issues at home and abroad, so it is very necessary to study the management measures of its recycling and treatment. By analyzing the current situation of recycling waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing, this paper puts forward some problems in the actual management of waste electrical and electronic products, such as imperfect policies, lack of market competitiveness of enterprises, non-continuance of industrial development, great pressure of supervision and so on, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and Suggestions aiming at these problems.
Key words: Waste electrical appliances and electronic products; Recycling; Processing; Management chain
Waste electrical and electronic products are typical solid wastes of resource and pollution. Their components are very complex and contain more than 700 kinds of substances. It not only includes materials with high resource utilization value such as copper, aluminum, iron, plastics and rare metals, but also includes heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium, ozone depleting substances and a variety of persistent organic pollutants. Its recovery and treatment is one of the most popular environmental problems at home and abroad in recent years. According to relevant data, China is currently in the peak period of household appliances scrap, the theoretical scrap of home electricity every year to reach 110 to 120 million units, and the average annual 20% of the number continues to grow. Proper recycling of waste electrical and electronic products has high resource value. How to turn these "urban mines" into "golden mountains" and "clear water and green mountains" is of great importance to the practice of the idea that "clear water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains". 1. Recycling status of waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing
The recycling channels of waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing are more traditional, mainly relying on three ways of individual recycling, manufacturer exchange and purchase recycling and waste electrical and electronic products processing enterprises recycling. Among them, the manufacturer for recycling in the home appliances play a key role during the "cash-for-clunkers", but in recent years as the "cash-for-clunkers" policy to stop implementation, reduced greatly reduce, recycle waste electrical electronic products processing enterprises, only from some of the "city" waste recycling acquisition merchants hand waste electric and electronic products, or using renewable resources recycling, centralized recovery of renewable resources recovery transit and sorting center, not directly against social source effectively recycling of waste electric and electronic products. It is reported that from 2013 to 2017, the number of discarded electrical and electronic products recovered in Chongqing is 1.1442 million, 860,000, 604,000, 422,000 and 569,000 respectively. The total number of discarded electrical and electronic products recovered in Chongqing is 3.597 million, which represents the overall downward trend and only accounts for 1.04% of the total number of discarded electrical and electronic products recovered in China, as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Recycling quantity of waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing from 2013 to 2017
2. Highlights and deficiencies of chongqing waste electrical and electronic product management
(1) Take the lead in centralized recovery and treatment of waste electrical and electronic products produced by party and government organs. In 2010, in order to meet the rapid development of IT industry in chongqing, effective prevention treatment of electronic waste pollution, and meet the "cash-for-clunkers" home appliance to the need of electronic waste, the chongqing municipal government signed with zhongtian company authorized "electronic waste treatment project in chongqing franchise agreement", awarded the zhongtian company within the chongqing "an hour economic circle" on 23 counties (9 area away from downtown, plus model.flood-control, ocean, TongLiang, dazu county, rongchang, yongchuan, build, bishan, metro, the qijiang count, pine, the nanchuan, fuling, longevity and other 14 counties) of electronic waste a franchise to undertake unity, concentration of retrieving and dismantling, Within the concession period, the municipal government gives Zhongtian the preferential treatment to collect and dispose the electronic wastes (discarded products) produced by the party and government organs provided with municipal financial funds within 23 districts and counties of "one-hour economic circle" in Chongqing. At present, the discarded electrical appliances and electronic products discarded by party and government organs and other public institutions within the one-hour economic circle in Chongqing are safely recovered and treated.
(2) Attach importance to the audit mechanism and audit quality of waste electrical and electronic products treatment fund. In order to ensure the safe use of the National waste electrical and electronic product treatment fund, Chongqing earnestly strengthens the organization and leadership of the audit work of the waste electrical and electronic product dismantling treatment fund, to ensure that the understanding, responsibility and investment are in place. One is to establish the environmental protection department to take the lead, the financial sector to participate in the downtown of two levels of waste electric and electronic products funds audit coordination mechanisms, as a whole to promote chongqing two dissembling processing enterprise dismantling of fund audit work, at the same time the city two levels of the environmental protection department respectively apply to the financial department at the same level for the fund audit work special funds, security audit work carried out smoothly. Second, organize third-party institutions to conduct fund audit through public bidding, and take the lead in introducing fourth-party institutions to track the audit results of third-party audit to ensure the audit quality. Although some work has been done on recycling waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing, there are still many shortcomings.
First, enterprises lack competitiveness. Chongqing waste electrical and electronic products processing enterprises are private enterprises, dismantling process and technology is relatively backward, the degree of automation to be improved, there is no independent intellectual property rights or innovative technical equipment, lack of follow-up deep processing equipment; The recycling of waste electrical and electronic products is competitive in the whole country. Chongqing waste electrical and electronic recycling enterprises mainly rely on individual recycling. With traditional channels, they are not competitive enough compared with other listed companies or group companies in China.
The second is the lack of deep processing capacity. In Chongqing, waste electrical and electronic products are simply disassembled physically, and there is still a certain gap between the processing level and the technology of coastal cities in terms of the self-harmless and resource utilization of disassembled product enterprises. Due to the small amount of disassembly of discarded electrical and electronic products, the corresponding amount of disassembly products is not enough to support the operation of subsequent deep processing facilities, so all disassembly products are sent to the unit for disposal. Except that the affiliated enterprises of Zhongtian Company have the ability to dispose of the glass containing lead cone, the other dismantling products, such as refrigerants, liquid crystal panels and phosphors, are subject to the acceptance capacity of the disposal enterprise due to the narrow harmless treatment channels and insufficient treatment capacity. The entrusted disposal process of the dismantling enterprise is relatively long.
Third, regulatory pressure is very high. At present, in the waste electrical electronic products processing directory (2014 edition) of waste electric and electronic products has 14 classes, in addition to the country in early management of "four machine a brain" (TV sets, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners and computers), the new directory products supporting policies have not been issued, all kinds of waste electrical appliance base number is not clear, the qualification licensing, dissembling processing technical specifications are not clear, and brings difficulty to the grass-roots management. At the same time, the e-waste, large electrical and electronic equipment, small and medium-sized electrical and electronic products in the industrial park outside the catalogue, as well as some parts and components with high resource value generated in the maintenance and dismantling process of related products, are not yet under the supervision, and the situation of their production, transfer and treatment is still unclear.
Three Suggestions
(1) Innovate the recycling mode and carry out source control. In 2017, about 11.64 million Tons of 14 categories of electronic products were included in China's management catalogue, among which "four machines and one brain" accounted for 78%. It is suggested to disassemble enterprises to innovate the recycling mode of waste electrical and electronic products.
One is to cooperate closely with the manufacturers, sellers and maintainers of waste electrical and electronic products to carry out recycling.
2 it is to rely on the living garbage classification compulsory platform, give full play to the community and the network, online with mobile APP platform, set up network recycling system, to carry out the electronic waste recycling, offline in the community carry out small waste electric and electronic products recycling, recycling by the community, and promptly delivered to disassemble processing enterprises, to achieve seamless docking dismantling enterprises and ordinary people.
Third, the commercial sector to strengthen the recycling of waste electrical and electronic products supervision, improve the quality of recycling waste electrical and electronic products, the source control of waste electrical and electronic products into the informal channels.
(2) Strengthen the disassembly management and promote the upgrading of lifting files. First, strengthen the requirements of environmental protection measures for the qualification examination and approval of waste electrical and electronic products processing enterprises. If the environmental protection measures are not in place, the new facilities that cannot reach the level of existing facilities will not be allowed.
2 it is to take the remote video monitoring data and information management system, waste electric and electronic products, pollutant monitoring, regular spot checks, recycling of waste electric and electronic products processing enterprise logistics, dissembling processing, dismantling quantity, split, inventory management, product disassembly disposal situation of dynamic management, constantly improve the internal management and supervision of the scene dissembling processing enterprises.
Third, guide disassembly and treatment enterprises to build new catalogue product lines such as waste mobile phones, waste printers and waste copiers, upgrade the files, enhance the market competitiveness, and completely solve the problem of recycling and disposal of electronic waste in Chongqing.
(3) Encourage technological innovation and extend industrial development. Enterprises engaged in dismantling and disposing of waste electrical and electronic products or other enterprises shall be actively encouraged and supported to develop profound processing technology and supporting equipment and facilities through innovative technologies, so as to extend the industrial chain of disposing of waste electrical and electronic products. Hazardous waste management units are encouraged to conduct in-depth treatment of waste electrical and electronic products disassembling and producing waste circuit boards containing electronic components, extract precious metals, increase the added value of the disassembling products, and fill the technical gap in the disposal of waste circuit boards containing electronic components. We will encourage units of incineration and disposal of hazardous waste to destroy refrigerants, and domestic waste incineration enterprises to destroy and dispose of thermal insulation materials generated from disassembly of refrigerators and disassembly of automobiles. We will encourage waste electrical and electronic products treatment enterprises to build facilities for further processing and utilization of disassembly products in light of their own development, such as facilities for recycling waste plastics and mercury lamps, so as to broaden the development space of enterprises and improve the level of resource recycling.
(4) Promote franchising and ensure safe disposal. Chongqing an hour economy circle, although the party and government organs, public institutions scrap get safe recycling waste electric and electronic products, other area county party and government organs, public institutions scrap without stable recycling of waste electric and electronic products, suggested that further promotion of the chongqing municipal government and franchise between processing enterprises, according to the regional distribution, to build the city party and government organs, public institutions recovering waste electric and electronic products processing platform, to ensure that more and more get the safe disposal of waste electric and electronic products.
CAI Hongying, Yang Peiwen, ZHANG Manli from Chongqing Solid Waste Management Center Article source: China Equipment Engineering, February 2019 (Part 1)
Disclaimer: This article is published in a public publication and is for communication and learning purposes only. The copyright of the article belongs to the original author and the original source. This official account is for reference only and does not constitute any investment and application Suggestions, nor is it used for any commercial purposes. If the content, copyright and other issues are involved, please contact us in time, and we will correct or delete the relevant content immediately according to the requirements of the copyright owner. This public number has the right of final interpretation of this statement.
International Electronic Circuit (Shanghai) Exhibition Liangsheng Invitation Letter
Discussion on problems | Analysis and Suggestions on "management chain" of recycling waste electrical and electronic products
Release date:
2020/05/15
Abstract: The recycling and treatment of waste electrical and electronic products is one of the hot environmental issues at home and abroad, so it is very necessary to study the management measures of its recycling and treatment. By analyzing the current situation of recycling waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing, this paper puts forward some problems in the actual management of waste electrical and electronic products, such as imperfect policies, lack of market competitiveness of enterprises, non-continuance of industrial development, great pressure of supervision and so on, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and Suggestions aiming at these problems.
Key words: Waste electrical appliances and electronic products; Recycling; Processing; Management chain
Waste electrical and electronic products are typical solid wastes of resource and pollution. Their components are very complex and contain more than 700 kinds of substances. It not only includes materials with high resource utilization value such as copper, aluminum, iron, plastics and rare metals, but also includes heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium, ozone depleting substances and a variety of persistent organic pollutants. Its recovery and treatment is one of the most popular environmental problems at home and abroad in recent years. According to relevant data, China is currently in the peak period of household appliances scrap, the theoretical scrap of home electricity every year to reach 110 to 120 million units, and the average annual 20% of the number continues to grow. Proper recycling of waste electrical and electronic products has high resource value. How to turn these "urban mines" into "golden mountains" and "clear water and green mountains" is of great importance to the practice of the idea that "clear water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains". 1. Recycling status of waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing
The recycling channels of waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing are more traditional, mainly relying on three ways of individual recycling, manufacturer exchange and purchase recycling and waste electrical and electronic products processing enterprises recycling. Among them, the manufacturer for recycling in the home appliances play a key role during the "cash-for-clunkers", but in recent years as the "cash-for-clunkers" policy to stop implementation, reduced greatly reduce, recycle waste electrical electronic products processing enterprises, only from some of the "city" waste recycling acquisition merchants hand waste electric and electronic products, or using renewable resources recycling, centralized recovery of renewable resources recovery transit and sorting center, not directly against social source effectively recycling of waste electric and electronic products. It is reported that from 2013 to 2017, the number of discarded electrical and electronic products recovered in Chongqing is 1.1442 million, 860,000, 604,000, 422,000 and 569,000 respectively. The total number of discarded electrical and electronic products recovered in Chongqing is 3.597 million, which represents the overall downward trend and only accounts for 1.04% of the total number of discarded electrical and electronic products recovered in China, as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Recycling quantity of waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing from 2013 to 2017
2. Highlights and deficiencies of chongqing waste electrical and electronic product management
(1) Take the lead in centralized recovery and treatment of waste electrical and electronic products produced by party and government organs. In 2010, in order to meet the rapid development of IT industry in chongqing, effective prevention treatment of electronic waste pollution, and meet the "cash-for-clunkers" home appliance to the need of electronic waste, the chongqing municipal government signed with zhongtian company authorized "electronic waste treatment project in chongqing franchise agreement", awarded the zhongtian company within the chongqing "an hour economic circle" on 23 counties (9 area away from downtown, plus model.flood-control, ocean, TongLiang, dazu county, rongchang, yongchuan, build, bishan, metro, the qijiang count, pine, the nanchuan, fuling, longevity and other 14 counties) of electronic waste a franchise to undertake unity, concentration of retrieving and dismantling, Within the concession period, the municipal government gives Zhongtian the preferential treatment to collect and dispose the electronic wastes (discarded products) produced by the party and government organs provided with municipal financial funds within 23 districts and counties of "one-hour economic circle" in Chongqing. At present, the discarded electrical appliances and electronic products discarded by party and government organs and other public institutions within the one-hour economic circle in Chongqing are safely recovered and treated.
(2) Attach importance to the audit mechanism and audit quality of waste electrical and electronic products treatment fund. In order to ensure the safe use of the National waste electrical and electronic product treatment fund, Chongqing earnestly strengthens the organization and leadership of the audit work of the waste electrical and electronic product dismantling treatment fund, to ensure that the understanding, responsibility and investment are in place. One is to establish the environmental protection department to take the lead, the financial sector to participate in the downtown of two levels of waste electric and electronic products funds audit coordination mechanisms, as a whole to promote chongqing two dissembling processing enterprise dismantling of fund audit work, at the same time the city two levels of the environmental protection department respectively apply to the financial department at the same level for the fund audit work special funds, security audit work carried out smoothly. Second, organize third-party institutions to conduct fund audit through public bidding, and take the lead in introducing fourth-party institutions to track the audit results of third-party audit to ensure the audit quality. Although some work has been done on recycling waste electrical and electronic products in Chongqing, there are still many shortcomings.
First, enterprises lack competitiveness. Chongqing waste electrical and electronic products processing enterprises are private enterprises, dismantling process and technology is relatively backward, the degree of automation to be improved, there is no independent intellectual property rights or innovative technical equipment, lack of follow-up deep processing equipment; The recycling of waste electrical and electronic products is competitive in the whole country. Chongqing waste electrical and electronic recycling enterprises mainly rely on individual recycling. With traditional channels, they are not competitive enough compared with other listed companies or group companies in China.
The second is the lack of deep processing capacity. In Chongqing, waste electrical and electronic products are simply disassembled physically, and there is still a certain gap between the processing level and the technology of coastal cities in terms of the self-harmless and resource utilization of disassembled product enterprises. Due to the small amount of disassembly of discarded electrical and electronic products, the corresponding amount of disassembly products is not enough to support the operation of subsequent deep processing facilities, so all disassembly products are sent to the unit for disposal. Except that the affiliated enterprises of Zhongtian Company have the ability to dispose of the glass containing lead cone, the other dismantling products, such as refrigerants, liquid crystal panels and phosphors, are subject to the acceptance capacity of the disposal enterprise due to the narrow harmless treatment channels and insufficient treatment capacity. The entrusted disposal process of the dismantling enterprise is relatively long.
Third, regulatory pressure is very high. At present, in the waste electrical electronic products processing directory (2014 edition) of waste electric and electronic products has 14 classes, in addition to the country in early management of "four machine a brain" (TV sets, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners and computers), the new directory products supporting policies have not been issued, all kinds of waste electrical appliance base number is not clear, the qualification licensing, dissembling processing technical specifications are not clear, and brings difficulty to the grass-roots management. At the same time, the e-waste, large electrical and electronic equipment, small and medium-sized electrical and electronic products in the industrial park outside the catalogue, as well as some parts and components with high resource value generated in the maintenance and dismantling process of related products, are not yet under the supervision, and the situation of their production, transfer and treatment is still unclear.
Three Suggestions
(1) Innovate the recycling mode and carry out source control. In 2017, about 11.64 million Tons of 14 categories of electronic products were included in China's management catalogue, among which "four machines and one brain" accounted for 78%. It is suggested to disassemble enterprises to innovate the recycling mode of waste electrical and electronic products.
One is to cooperate closely with the manufacturers, sellers and maintainers of waste electrical and electronic products to carry out recycling.
2 it is to rely on the living garbage classification compulsory platform, give full play to the community and the network, online with mobile APP platform, set up network recycling system, to carry out the electronic waste recycling, offline in the community carry out small waste electric and electronic products recycling, recycling by the community, and promptly delivered to disassemble processing enterprises, to achieve seamless docking dismantling enterprises and ordinary people.
Third, the commercial sector to strengthen the recycling of waste electrical and electronic products supervision, improve the quality of recycling waste electrical and electronic products, the source control of waste electrical and electronic products into the informal channels.
(2) Strengthen the disassembly management and promote the upgrading of lifting files. First, strengthen the requirements of environmental protection measures for the qualification examination and approval of waste electrical and electronic products processing enterprises. If the environmental protection measures are not in place, the new facilities that cannot reach the level of existing facilities will not be allowed.
2 it is to take the remote video monitoring data and information management system, waste electric and electronic products, pollutant monitoring, regular spot checks, recycling of waste electric and electronic products processing enterprise logistics, dissembling processing, dismantling quantity, split, inventory management, product disassembly disposal situation of dynamic management, constantly improve the internal management and supervision of the scene dissembling processing enterprises.
Third, guide disassembly and treatment enterprises to build new catalogue product lines such as waste mobile phones, waste printers and waste copiers, upgrade the files, enhance the market competitiveness, and completely solve the problem of recycling and disposal of electronic waste in Chongqing.
(3) Encourage technological innovation and extend industrial development. Enterprises engaged in dismantling and disposing of waste electrical and electronic products or other enterprises shall be actively encouraged and supported to develop profound processing technology and supporting equipment and facilities through innovative technologies, so as to extend the industrial chain of disposing of waste electrical and electronic products. Hazardous waste management units are encouraged to conduct in-depth treatment of waste electrical and electronic products disassembling and producing waste circuit boards containing electronic components, extract precious metals, increase the added value of the disassembling products, and fill the technical gap in the disposal of waste circuit boards containing electronic components. We will encourage units of incineration and disposal of hazardous waste to destroy refrigerants, and domestic waste incineration enterprises to destroy and dispose of thermal insulation materials generated from disassembly of refrigerators and disassembly of automobiles. We will encourage waste electrical and electronic products treatment enterprises to build facilities for further processing and utilization of disassembly products in light of their own development, such as facilities for recycling waste plastics and mercury lamps, so as to broaden the development space of enterprises and improve the level of resource recycling.
(4) Promote franchising and ensure safe disposal. Chongqing an hour economy circle, although the party and government organs, public institutions scrap get safe recycling waste electric and electronic products, other area county party and government organs, public institutions scrap without stable recycling of waste electric and electronic products, suggested that further promotion of the chongqing municipal government and franchise between processing enterprises, according to the regional distribution, to build the city party and government organs, public institutions recovering waste electric and electronic products processing platform, to ensure that more and more get the safe disposal of waste electric and electronic products.
CAI Hongying, Yang Peiwen, ZHANG Manli from Chongqing Solid Waste Management Center Article source: China Equipment Engineering, February 2019 (Part 1)
Disclaimer: This article is published in a public publication and is for communication and learning purposes only. The copyright of the article belongs to the original author and the original source. This official account is for reference only and does not constitute any investment and application Suggestions, nor is it used for any commercial purposes. If the content, copyright and other issues are involved, please contact us in time, and we will correct or delete the relevant content immediately according to the requirements of the copyright owner. This public number has the right of final interpretation of this statement.
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